Dishwasher



Sept 21, 1954 c. N. cc-LsTAD DISHWASHER 8 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Aug. 23, 1949 Sept 21 1954 c. N. coLsTAD 2,689,576

DISHWASHER Filed Aug. 23, 1949 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 Sept. 2l, 1954 c. N. COLSTAD DISHWASHER 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Aug. 23, 1949 ./llrlay SePL 2l, 1954 c. N. coLsr/m` 2,689,576

DISHWASHER Filed Aug. 25, 1949 a sheets-Sheet 5 90 u 9 lig .3. 246 90"? 242 1-- Sept. 2l, 1954 c. N. coLsTAD DISHWASHER 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed Aug. 23, 1949 kalief-N." Zbbaaf Spf. 2l, 1954 C N, QQLSTAD 2,689,576

DISHWASHER Filed Aug. 23, 1949 8 Sheets-Sheet 7 Ill/l (arkf/VJMSM 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 SToPPED L Y c X C. N. COLSTAD DISHWASHER QL.' oP.

* 0N OR OPEN OFF OR CLOSED cpziumvn v/Arua Suvnv ALVE 144 PEN CLosr- D DRAIN VALVE |83 Sept. 2l, 1954 Filed Aug. 23, 1949 SEQUENCE 0F OPERATIONS cl.. oP. cl... OP. cl...

DETsizseN-r CONTAINER 2'70 PRIGHT TH-TED Cover; 5| CLOSED /ve /PfvoLuT/o/v 0F 04M JAM/"r Patented Sept. 21, 1954 DISHWASHER Charles N. Colstad, Los Angeles, Calif., assgnor of one-third to Marion F. Le Clercq, as administratrix of the estate of Raymond Gabriel Le Clercq, deceased Application August 23, 1949, Serial No. 111,925

My invention relates to a machine for washing dishes, and the like.

One of the principal objects of this invention is to provide a machine of this class which is fully automatic throughout its operating cycle from the time it is manually turned on by the user till it is automatically shut oii".

An important object of this invention, in order to eliminate the usual or former complicated and costly construction, is the consolidation or embodiment of various necessary features or functioning elements, such as the water or other liquid supply valve, drain valve, overflow, drain pump, wash impeller, automatic timer-control, and electric or other driving motor, insuch an arrangementl as to comprise a simple and compact whole which may be readily attached as a unit to a tub element or receptacle to provide the complete machine.

Another important object of this invention is to provide a machine which is designed and constructed, as aforementioned, so that all parts are readily accessible, or so that the operating elements may be readily dismantled for making alterations and repairs.

Another important object of this invention is to provide a dishwasher having a novel arrangement of an impeller within the tub element or receptacle whereby greater amounts of water, or other cleaning liquids, are thrown in different directions or at diierent velocities for effectively cleaning different dishes or articles, particularly in which a greater amount of water is directed toward or over silverware, or the like.

Still another important object of this invention is to provide a novel detergent-charging means whereby detergent may be automatically deposited into the water, or other liquid, when the cycle is progressed to the stage when Ythe detergent is desired, and in which the detergent is so deposited or discharged thereinto by the water or liquid itself when directed toward the detergent container in predetermined amounts.

A further important object of this invention is to provide manual control means whereby the operator may lock or unlock the tub cover, and start or stop the machine by turning a dial provided for the purpose, the dial being mechanically interconnected with the cover-latch and auto-control-timer in such manner as will allow the machine to start only if the cover is in a closed position, thus preventing the iiooding which would result if the machine were started with the cover open; and further to provide a control means that whenA the machine man- 17 Claims. (Cl. 134-58) ually stopped, all functions cease, and when again manually started, all functions are resumed at the precise point of stoppage.

Another important object of this invention is to provide a time-control mechanism in combination with or as a part of the principal operating motor or means.

An important object also of this invention is to provide a machine of this class which requires no operative attention by the user, one that is highly eincient in performance, and one which is relatively simple and economical of construction and manufacture proportionate to its functions.

An important object of this invention is the provision of a tub which is so constructed and arranged that the water, or other liquid in the tub, is normally and eifectively directed toward and upon dishes arranged in racks in the tub, and also toward or against the Walls thereof, and is therefrom redirected toward and upon the back sides or portions of the dishes.

An important object also of this invention is to devise a novel impeller whereby water, or other liquid in the tub, is thrown in all directions, both vertically and horizontally, and which further is curved inwardly at the upper edge of its leading portion so that a portion of the liquid picked up by the impeller is directed upwardly while also thrown radially outwardly.

A novel feature in the embodiment of this invention is the provision of a novel hinge for the cover for easily adjusting the same to fit over the opening of the tub.

Another important object of this invention is to provide simple and effective means to prevent back-syphoning of the Water, or liquid in the tub, to the water or liquid supply line.

An important object also of this invention is to provide a novel, eifective, and eiiicient method of washing dishes, and the like.

With these and other objects in view, as will appear hereinafter, I have devised a dishwasher having certain novel features of construction, combination, and arrangement of parts and portions, as will be hereinafter described in detail, and particularly set Vforth in the appended claims, lreference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the characters of reference thereon, which form a part of this application, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of the improved vwashing machine;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged plan viewof the machine, the cover of the machine being partly broken away to disclose the interior of the tub;

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view through one of the hinges for the cover, taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view, taken on line 4 4 of Fig. 2, and showing the operating unit of the machine;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the Water supply control means, taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 2

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the operating unit, taken substantially on line 6 6 of Fig. 2, and showing the gearing for the timer mechanism in phantom;

Fig. '7 is a sectional plan view of the water discharge pump, taken on line 'lhof Fig. 6';

Fig. 8 is an enlarged front elevational view of the control device, as viewed in the direction of the arrow 8 in Fig, 1;

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view, taken substantially on line 9--9 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary front view of the main switch for the electrical circuit of the machine, showing the switch closed;

Fig. 11 is a view similar to Fig. 10, showing the switch locked in a closed position to prevent manual opening thereof;

Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the switch for controlling the actuation of the supply valve solenoid, taken on line l2-I2 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 13 is an enlarged front view of the manually operable means for` initiating the operation of the machine and the latching means for re taining the cover in closed position during the operation of the machine, this view being taken in the direction of arrow I3 in Fig. 1;

Fig. 14 is a vertical sectional View, taken on line lil- M of Fig. 13, and viewed in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 15 is a similar view, taken on line l5.-I5 of Fig. 13, as observed in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary front view of the cover latching means, showing the relation of its parts prior to closing of the cover;

Fig. 17 is a View similar to Fig, 16, illustrating the relation of the latching components after the cover has been closed;

Fig. 18 is a plan view of the detergent holder;

Fig. 19 is a sectional view, taken on line Iii-i9, of Fig 18, showing the holder in its position of rest, prior to the start of the washing operation;

Fig. 20 is a view similar to Fig. 19, illustrating the manner in which the holder is tilted to release the detergent therefrom under the force of the washing water which is directed upwardly there.- against;

Fig. A2l is a view similar to Fig. 20, showing the detergent holder fully tilted;

Fig. 22 is a face view of the anti-Siphon means located at the rear of the tub;

Fig. 23 is a sectional view, taken on line 23-23 of Fig. 22;

Fig. 24 is a diagram of the electrical circuit of the machine; and,

Fig. 25 is a chart illustrating the sequence and relative periods of operation of the various 0perating elements.

Referring to the drawings in detail, the present improved washing machine as herein disclosed is particularly adapted for use in washing dishes, Silverware, utensils, and other articles used in the preparation and serving of a meal. In general, the washing machine comprises a tub in which the articles to be washed are placed, the tub being provided with a hinged cover or lid 3| for closing the open top thereof, water 4 supply means 32 for introducing predetermined amounts of .water into the tub 30 at certain intervals during the complete rinsing and Washing cycle of operations, a propelling means or impeller 33 for propelling Water introduced into the tub upwardly and laterally throughout the interior of the tub to wash and rinse the articles, a detergent supplying device 34 for introducing into the washing Water within the tub a selected amount of detergent at a predetermined instance in the washing cycle, drain means 35 for releasing the water from the tub at certain intervals during the rinsing and following the washing operations, a single driving means 36 for actuating all the operating mechanisms of the machine, and a control means 31 for effecting operation of the mechanisms in timed sequence. As will be hereinafter shown, the washing machine is entirely automatic in operation, it being only necessary to place the dishes and other articles in the tub and thereafter turn a control knob to set the various mechanisms for sequential operation, the machine being capable of prerinsing, washing, nood rinsing, and partially drying the articles in timed sequence.

The tub 30 is preferably fabricated from a suitable sheet metal and is substantially square in plan view,l although it may be made from other materials and assume other shapes within the purview of this invention. As herein shown, the tub 30 has a. front Wall 40, a rear wall Il, side walls 42, and a bottom wall 43. The bottom wall 43 slopes downwardly toward a point adjacent the front wall 40 to provide a shallow well 44 which is substantially rectangular in plan view (Fig. 2). As shown in Fig. 3, the upper edges of the front, side, and rear walls of the tub 30 have outwardly directed flanges 45 which are received in a resilient bead 49 which extends around the upper rim of the tub. A square sheet metal frame 41 of angular cross-sectional shape has its vertical portion secured to the inner side of the bead 46 by screws 8 which also pass through the walls of the tub. By this construction, the frame A1 is securely attached to the tub to provide the upper end thereof, leakage between these parts being prevented by the resilient bead. As shown in Figs, 2, 3, and 14, the inner edge of the frame 4,1 is bent downwardly and inwardly to provide a substantially 'horizontal ledge or seat 49 extending completely around the tub opening.

Removably mounted within the tub ,3e are upper and lower racks 50 and 5I which are adapted to support the dishes and other objects to be washed. In order to avoid obscuring irnportant elements of the machine, the racks 50 and 5l are shown only in Fig. 1 of the drawings, although the inner outline of the racks is indicated by the dotted line in Fig. 2. The racls are preferably U-shaped in plan view so that the articles t0 be Washed are arranged along the Side and rear walls of the tub, the central p01'- tion of the tub thus being left unobstructed to permit the propelling of Water against the dishes. The racks preferably are constructed from wire which is bent to provide a plurality of open article-holding receptacles, slots, etc., and a .Separate removable perforated container 52 may be ernployed for holding Silverware, and the like.

The cover 01` lid 3l is also pressed from .suitable sheet metal and is substantially inverted pan-shaped. The cover 3l is adapted to close down against the seat 49 of the tub frame 4,1.

To provide a seal between the cover and theframe, a rubber or other resilient strip 55 is applied to the periphery of the cover.` As shown in Figs. 3 and 14, the sealing strip 55-has a slot 56A for receiving the edges of the cover 3| and is made as a hollow extrusion so as to provide maximum resilience and adequate compressibility to insure a positive seal when the cover is closed. Adjacent its rearward edge, the cover 3| is provided with raised channel-like projections 58, between the side walls of which extend hingepins 59. The pins 59 also pass through the eyes 88 of hinge brackets 6|, the lower ends of which are secured to the rear wall 4| `of thetub by the screws 48 and the upper ends of which are disposed within the hollow projections 58.

Secured to the under side of the cover 3| is a channel 83 which strengthens the same, the side flanges of the rearward end of the channel being extended in ears 64 between which extends a pin 85. The pin 65 is engaged by the U-shaped end of a spring `88 which is coiled around a transversely extending spring retainer pin 81 carried by the ears 88 of a bracket 69 secured to the rear wall of the tub by the screws 48. As will be apparent by reference to Fig. 3, the spring tends normally to swing the cover 3| upwardly on the hinge-pins 59 to open position. A downwardly bent portion 18 of the bracket 89 serves as a stop to limit the action of Ythe spring 86 to where it will automatically tilt the cover 3| to a position wherein it is disposed at an angle of approximately 45 degrees to the top of the tub 38, as clearly indicated by the dash lines in Fig. 3. However, the cover 3| can be manually tilted further, as shown by the dot-and-dash lines in this view. Referring now to Figs. 13 and 14, the cover 3| carries adjacent its forward free end a U-shaped bracket 12 which is welded or otherwise secured against the bottom surface thereof. The lower leg of the bracket 12 carries a latching roller 13. The lower leg of the bracket 12 is adjusted vertically toward and away from the cover 3| by means of a bolt 14 and nuts 15, so as to dispose the roller 13 at the distance from the cover which is necessary to eifect proper co-operation of the roller with the cover latching means to be next described.

Rotatable in a bearing sleeve 18, secured within a hole in the front wall 48 of the tub 38 adjacent the upper edge thereof, is a stub shaft 19, to the inner end of which is secured a hook-like latch 88. The latch 88 has an upper curved edge or cam surface 8|, and below this surface is a curved notch 82. A rocker 83 is carried by the stub shaft 19 outside the wall 48, and has a bent ear 84 at one end of which is suspended a detent bar 85 (Figs. 13 to 17). Connected to the lower end of the detent bar 85 is the upper end of a tension spring 88, the lower end of which is anchored to a pin 81 secured to the back of a hollow control panel 88 which is secured against the outer surface of the front wall 48. The spring 86 tends` normally to pivot the rocker 83, shaft 19, and latch 88 in clockwise direction, as viewed in Figs. 13, 16, and 17, so that the latch assumes the position shown in dash lines in Fig. 13 and full lines in Fig. 16, a suitable stop means, to be later described, limiting movement in this direction. When the cover 3| is swung downwardly to close the tub, as shownin Fig. `14, its roller 13 engages the curved edge 8| and cams the latch counterclockwise to a position which allows the roller to pass the end of the hook so that when the roller registers with the notch 82 the latch snaps toward the right to retain the cover` in 6'. closed position, as shown by dotted lines in Fi. 13 and full lines in Fig. 17. Y

A combined manual and automatic means is provided for releasing the cover 3| to allow it to spring open under the action of the spring 66.

This means includes a cover actuating bar 98, which is slidable vertically through the hollow control panel 88. The upper end of the `bar 98 has, a slot 9| for receiving a pin 92 on the rocker 83. The control panel 88 has a circular fiange 93 deininga recess 94 in which is rotatable, on a Yboss 95 of the panel (Fig. 14), a control knob |88 which has circumferentially spaced designations 011, 501i, and "Open adapted to register with an index mark 99 on the control panel (Fig. 13). The knob |88 carries an actuating pin |8I which passes through a horizontally extending elongated opening |82 in the vertical bar 98. The panel 88 has an arcuate opening 89 through which the pin |8| extends. It is thus seen, by reference to Fig. 13, that when the knob |88 is rotated counterclockwise from the position shown therein, its pin |8|, acting in the opening |82, slides the bar 98 downwardly and, due to the connection of the bar with the rocker 83, the latter is rotated in counterclockwise direction `to cause the latch to release the roller 13 and thus permit the cover to spring open.

Through instrumentalities, to be later described, when the knob |88 is turned clockwise from the position shown in Fig. 13 to a position where its mark On registers with the index99, operation of the driving means 36 is initiated. It is extremely important that means be provided for preventing energization of the power drive means when the cover 3| is open, at least during the major portion of the washing cycle. For this purpose, the control knob |88 is provided with a curved stop lug |85 on its rearward or inner side and the detent bar 85 has a., bent ear |85. When the cover 3| is in open position and the detent bar 85 thus is in lower position, the ear |86 is disposed in the path of arcuate movement of the lug |85 (Fig. 16) so that clockwise rotation of the control knob to .on position is pre-I vented. However, as the cover 3| is closed, the ear |86 is accordingly raised so that the lug |85 can pass thereunder to-permit such rotation of the control knob (Fig. 17). The knob |88 has circumferentially spaced recesses |81 and |88 in its lower portion adapted to receive a `springpressed ball |89 in the panel 88. By this detent means, the knob |88 is releasably held in either off or on positions. During a washing operation, the actuating bar 98 assumes the position shown in Fig. 17 with the lower end of its opening 9| engaging the pin 92 of the rocker 83, the bar being retained in this position by a tension spring I8 having its ends connected respectively to a pin on the control panel 88 and an ear ||2 on the bar. By this means, pivotal movementor the latch 88 to cover releasing position is resisted by the combined action of the detent ball |89 and the springs 88 and ||8. Secured against the bottom surface of the tub 38 is a T-shaped casting or housing |28, which has a main portion underlying the shallow well 44 and a tubular branch portion |2| extending toward the rearward wall of the tub 38. The branch portion |2| has an open end which registers with an opening |22 in the bottom wall 43 of the tub and which is fastened in place by screws |23, a gasket |24 being interposed between the tub and the end of the portion |2| 'to prevent leakage. of water therebetween.` Also fastened i-l ploe uporl th-f upper suraoe ofi the bottoni? Wall 43 is a cup-shaped overlb'vtiy elernei |25 Haviiglahlei aligned with theopehi-rg' |2122 Duri'ngcetain periods' inl the? operative cycle of the m'aicliiegl a quantite?? of Water ie irtro'cluced'into the t'b a'nd throvvr-'IiA against thejartic-les'L beingl vvaafslfe'd.A Durin'gl these portier-istil ther cycle the levelI of the water is--Ihaintainedat Substantially' tuerie-ight shownlif Eig'. 4s Howevemir for anyl reason they Water should rlisef to-v a:` pointV above this 1evel;itl will flo-vvi dovvnl through thl overow el'eiet P251 ahdb discharged 'fto the drain-'- pipe 012 the@4 building Whichthe machine is"l in use?. Ab'affle lf/oveiflie's) thef operiy lip'pe'rrendi of= theJ overlilowy elementi |25'k and serves t'ol prevent the loss ofwate'r 'that Wouldoccur over the. over@ elementi |255 ille'ft O'pe'ito theW'at'ei Spray'.

Water isi'ritrducedl into3 the tub-f 3U by? the means to be1ne'xt vdesciribed 'I-he'rightf-hand end" oflthe main-portion offthe l'iousin'g` 2 0, as viewed? in'Fig; 65, isf providedi with a'verti'calho1ef forfreceivingthefupper endA |f29fof a valve'bodtL |30. This upper'y end: is screw threaded' andi passes' upvvar-dlyr' through alighedholes in the well 44' and# as reinforcing; plate |31, aga'sket" |32Al being .disposedbetween the' housing IZ-Uand the bottom offthetub 30`. Anutl33 s'crevvedfo'nto theuppe'rV threaded end retainsthe valve body` |3111v in pla'c'e'. A'waterf supplyy tube |35? has.y itsv lower endl disposed'firftlieendl |2119 of ltlie valve bo'dyfy |30? and a tapered; resilientsleeve; |13 4'isf'compressed around thisieridifof theftubeto retainf'the 'latter-in place and. to'sealfthe'joint (Fig. 5). The` upper end |36,-` of' the tube` |35 islbentlaterally` anddownwa'rdlylFig; 6j)fin a crook so that' waterowing ulciwardlyy throughthe tubef l351isf reversedthat is;A directeddownwardly toward'y the bottom ofy thev tub, 30'; Asfy shown-in Fig.; 5;-the` valve body! |30fhas-a=vertical, axa'lbo're'for receiving. the'- lowerendloffthefwa'terl supply tube |35 and has an'insertzor" ring; |31 therein through Which the waiter can ilow upwardly. The Water enters thefva-l-vefbodyfbyf Way`^ of a lateral passage- |38; intofwhich the Water ows" fro'iir a'f flexible hose'- I3-9: (Figs 6'). Thefhose |39'isffcormected to the valvebodwby afl-nipple |45', thel other endofthe hole having suitable coupling tmeansL (not shownl' by whichlthefhosef can -berjoine'dfto the faucet 4of a-vvatermain The rate fofLfl'w of-Water-finto thev valve fbody |30 may'A bef regulated by; means" yof al rotary: valvestem |4|,-in-a'ccordance withthe waterv pressure in ther-line which supplies-waterf-to the Washing-machine;

In4v accordance with the present` invention',I WaterA is suppliedI torthe tub "301" during! certain intervals? during@ thefcompleteiwashingf and rins ing:- cycle, .ainditis:desirable-thatthe flowo'f Water' bepromptlvstartedand 'stopped-.1 For this= pure' pese; :the water supply valve' 32 lis' providedwith afvalve fstem'- Illllrhavinglav tapered4 head2 Ulli4` at its-'upper endadapted to vseatin the openinglof` ther-ring.- 31 to-disrupt-the l'ovvf'ofv Water into-"the" tub-fr The' val-ve stem I44isfsli'dable in` abushingl screwed into the' lower end-of thevalve-bodyl |30; .andua compression spring-z |46 is employed for: urging. the stem upwardly:4 to closethefvalve A.- sealing` means 41 prevents leakageY of Waterl from-v'the-valv'e around tIf1e"stem'-|44`;Il Thelower endof the@valve-'fst'emf` |44 projeetsf'dovmwardly! and-has abifurcatedfend |48 which 'is fjoine'd-tof oneend of afvalve-aetuating lever l 50'; The' lever Silis pivoted` -at- I 5 toda-@bracket f 5?t attached to-a side-of thevalvebedy.V |30 and hasaseco'nd endwhich .-is pivotaily connectedf to the'arrnatue or pole-pieee 54 ofaflsolenoid |55e'wh'ich f-is'1also' l 9 drain hose |18 (Fig: '1) which may direct the water into a sink or into a service drainpipe.

Referring no w to Figs. 2 and 6, the housing |20 is also provided with a passage |80 which extends to an end of the main portion thereof and communicates with the oriiice |16. This end of the housing has an annular flange which seats against the lower side of a resilient sealing ring |8| disposed in aligned holes in the bottom wall of the tub and in the reinforcing plate |3| The upper rim of the ring |8| provides an annular seat |82 against which a drain valve disc |83 is adapted to seat. The disc |83 is resiliently mounted at the upper end of a stem or spindle |84 by means'of resilient O-rings |85 between which the disc is disposed. Thespindle |84 is slidable vertically in a bearing sleeve |86 carried by the housing |20, the slide joint being sealed by a packing |81. The lower end of the spindle |84 projects downwardly from the bearing sleeve and carries a small plate or disc |88 between 'which and the lowerl surface of the housing |20 is disposed a compression spring |89. The spring |89 normally urges thevvalve stem |84 downwardly to maintain the valve disc |83 seated against the annular seat |82 so as to retain water in the tub 30. However, the machine is provided with cam-actuated means, to be later described, for v sliding the valve stem upwardly at certain intervals during the operational cycle, so as to unseat the disc |83 and permit the water to drain from the tub 30 through the passage |80 and orifice into the pump chamber |14 so as to be pumped by the impeller |15 through the discharge hose |18 into the drainpipe.` i

The control and operating means 31 for operating the various mechanisms thus far described is constructed and arranged as next described.' Referring particularly to Figs. 1, 4, 6, 8, and 9, the 'control means 31 is driven by the electric motor |10. As shown best in Figs. 4 and 6, the propeller shaft |6| carries a helical gear |92 which meshes with and drives a similar gear |93 fast on a transverse power take-off shaft |94 rotatable in a bearing boss |95 within the casing |61. The shaft |94 projects from the cas- "ing |61 and has a small pinion |96'formed thereon. Secured tothe side"ofl the casing |61 by screws |99 is "a control plate 200," and "fastened tothe lrearward side of the plate is a pair of spaced "plate`sl and 202which aresuitably -retained i'n` spaced relationship; Theplates20l Y 4and 202` together provide a holder 'for rotatably supporting a series `of power transmission-.gears gear 203 meshes with and is driven by the pinion 196, and the `other gears of the `train progresriedby a shaft 209 which extends through the control plate 200, the gear meshing with a larger gear 2|0 which is rotatable on a stud 2| fastened to andkprojecting forwardly from the plate 200. In'accordance with the speed reduction gearing |92, |93, |94, |96, 203 to 208, and 2|0, the latter gear' is driven from the electric motor |10 at a greatly reduced speed; In the presentmachine, the gears provide a speed reduction ratio of 17,500 to 1, so that during 1750 revolutions of the motor shaft |1|, per one minute, the gear 2|9 is rotated through one-tenth of a revolution. Bythis gear arrangement, therefore, the gear2|0 is rotated through one complete revolution in ten minutes. It is well to mention at this point that it is within the concept of this invention to drive the control mechanism from a synchronous clock mechanism. However, since the control means must rotate the various cams which, in turn, actuate the various mechanisms, a positive drive from the electric motor |10 is preferable, if not entirely necessary.

Abutting the outer or forward face of the control gear 2 |0 is a disc-like water supply cam 2|5, and rotatable on the stud 2|| rearwardly of the gear is a main switch cam 2|6, a water drain cam 2|1, and a cover releasing cam 2|8, the gear 2|0 and several cams being connected by screws 2|9 to provide a control cam unit which is rotatable on the fixed stud.

Attached to the front face of the control plate 298 is an insulated block 222 whichcarries a pair of laterally extending, vertically spaced, spring contact arms 223 and 224 having contact buttons 225 and 226 at their respective inner ends, the arms being maintained in spaced relation to each other by a spacer 221 of insulation material, which may be secured to the arm 224. The upper contact arm 223 has an inclined end 228 which serves as a cam follower and which engages the periphery of the main switch cam 2|6, due to the inherent resiliency of the contact arms. As shown in Figs. 8, 10, and 11, the cam 2|6 has a circular peripheral edge throughout the major portion of its circumference, but is provided with a raised lobe 230 extending through approximately 48 degrees and a depression 23| between the lobe 230 and the leading end of the main circular edge, the depression extending through approximately 10 degrees.

A second pair of vertically spaced, spring contact arms 233 and 234 are carried by an actuating element 235 which is pivoted on a stud 236 attached to the control plate 200, the :arms having respective contact buttons 231 and 238. I'he contact arms 223, 224, 233, and 234,. are connected in an electrical circuit, shown in Fig. 24, for supplying current to the electric motor |10. When the contacts 225, 231, and 226, 238, are closed at the start of the washing cycle, the electric motor is energized to drive all the mech- VVanisms in timed sequence. To effect closing and opening of the electric circuit, the4 various con- 'tactlarms are moved toward and away from each Mother-either manually or automatically by the means to be presently described. When the contactarms" aremoved to circuit opening position they "assume the relative positions shown in full linesin Fig. 8, and to initially adjust themovlablecontact arms' 233 and 234 ja pivoted stop `inger 239 is provided.

"The lower end of the actuating bar 90, previously described, is slotted to receive the forwardly extending hooked end 24| of a. lever 242 which is pivoted at 243 tothe control plate 200 (Fig. 9)'. V'I'he bar 90 is held `connected to the lever 242 by means of a screw 244 and nuts 245. The lever 242 extends through a vertical opening 246 of a slide plate 241 which is slidable vertically against the forward face of the control plate 200. The slide plate 241 is guided by a screw-andslot means 248 and through the medium of a disc 249 on the stud 2|| which is disposed in an elongated opening 250 in the slide plate (Fig. 8). It will be apparent by reference to Figs. 1, 4, 8, and '13, that when the control knob |00 is rotated clockwise to on position, its pin |0|, acting in the opening |02, slides the bar upwardly, to thereby vtilt the lever 242 and raise .lll the .slide plate 241. The :slide Yplate 247| .carries :a .leaf spring v'25| :which engages :in -a-'slit infthe :actuating element 2315 so :.that when the slide "plate is raised, .as above explained, the element is .rocked in counterclockwise direction to cause closed itis Aimpossible to rotate the knob :|00 to f on position so that raising of the slide plate 24.7 and tilting of the contactarme 233 and 234 .to'.-switch-cl'osing position is prevented. In other iwords, .zit is limpossible .to energize the operating motor |150 unlessthecover 3| is .rst closed.

After the machine has aoperated through the .major portion Aof its cycle and 'the subjection of the .articles to zthe spray :of hot 4water :has been completed, ithefcover :3| is released or-unlatched automatically to vallow it :to spring open .to --the position indicated .by the dash lines in Fig. 3. `While the cover lis in .this lopen iposition, `rotation of the propeller .'33 is icontinued and, since at this time no `water iis present inthe tub 3.0, -the propeller .serves as :a fan to force steam upwardly from the 4tub vand to scircula'te warm air around rthe fartic'les :to dry the isame. The automatic means for effecting release fof the cover v3| consists of a roller 2252 mounted on ;the slide -plate 124.1 .and fengageable with fthe .periphery `of the cover .release 'cani 215.8 'which Ais provided with a single lobe 125.3. As the :control foam vassembly Yapproaches .the :end :of its .single rota-tion, fthe :lobe 2.5.3 depresses'theroller252slide plate 1241,

levier 2'42, and :bar .30, Awhich then acts to rotate the knob |00 to off 'position .and `,to .rock Kthe llatch BB 'in .counterclock-wise direction to release the .roller 1.3 soas tio .fperm'it the cover 11710 spring open. Eventhough the knob is vturned fto"off position and '.the'slide plate 247 and contacts sand 234 vare -lowered, the electric .circuit to 'ft-he Vrnotoriis prevented from openingby the factfthat vthe 'contact arms 22.3 :and *2214 'are `simultaneously lowered ato :remain in engagement 'with the convtacts 233 .and 23'4, and this result :is fbrought 'about by #the engagement 4of the ,follower lend 228 of the `Contact 22:3 with 'the fcam flobe V230 of the .cam 2 |'6 zas the iroll'er 22 is moved downwardly bythe .nam l'ohe .253. At 'the `confrp'leltion fof the single rotation of :the cam :assembly the 'roller 'v2 52 rides oi *the cam 'lobe i253, and itliis `permits the slide plate 241' andb'ar fto 'move'upwardly under the Iinfluence 'of `the :spring 'I Iii; thereby Vdrawing :the contacts 12 33 and 12:34 fupwardly; IAt

Athis, juncture the ffollower rend1228'ssnapsinto .the f .depression 1231 :of the Acani 2-16 .so that. :all tlre contacts are spaced apart'to fopen the circuit'to lthey motor H0. it fis to '.be vnoted at this point thatwhenithe machine 'is 'thuss'topped the roller r262 :does 'not move upwardly to the. uppermost `extent of :its `permissible movement,V due xto 'the :engagement .of Ithe -Ldetent ball .|819 in the recess fllil. I-Iowever, when the 'machine r'is again stantedjby rotating :the kn'b |100., the slide plate I,

'fore, that fmeans must Ibe .provided for supplying 224'! is .raised higher :to :engage .the contacts to close the circuit to the motor.

Also I'connected in 'the 4.electrical circuit is a 'pair :of .spring 'contact :arms `I255 and '.255, these farms "being 'carried Lby an insulating v`block 25'! mounted `on the .control plate 209 '(Figs. 8 vand 12) .One farm :255 thas a 'bent end '258 providing a follower which :rests against 'the .forward face of the water supply :cam '2`|5. When the cam Mp5 rotates 1in clockwise direction, the follower V12.58tengagessuccessively with the cam lobes:2|6,

2H', land 24:8', 4and ateach i.engagement the nontact arm .25;5 Ais :thus moved into contact Vwith the @arm .2.56 fto close ythe circuit to `the Y.water supply valve solenoid |555, thus energizing the same to Yopen lthe valve |44 so fas to .admit hot `water 'into the tub 30 :throughfthe Vtube |35. The cam lobes 2 |161, 2 .and.2 L8', are of such-:arcuate llength and so :spaced A'circurnferentiall-y `that they 'provide #the .tub with-suiiicient water :to lperform the intended and necessary pre-rinse., washing, 'and :two flood rinsing oper-.ations during .the zomplete cycle of operations.

Referring tolFigs. ena-nd '8, the means for cpferating the drain valve :|83 :includes an angular arm 2.6i] whichris pivoted .on a stud .2H secured :to rthe :control :plate 2.0.0. 'Ehe .arm 2-.60 is provided at lone end witha cam follower vroller 1262 which .enga-ges the iperiphery of the drain :valve fcam A2| 1 vwhich has three cam lobes 2.63, :2615,and .255. The :other '.endof the .arm :2.810 `overlies the vforward end of za ;lever;2 6,6 whichisfpivoted at '2.6.1 1toarearwardly projecting box 1258 .of the. control rplate 2.00. The :rearward end fof the lever T266 underlies the'lowerend of the drain valve stem or spindle 18A. Whenthe roller .262 trolls 'up :onto 'each ofthe cam lobes :2163,120'4, and 265,:tl'ie arm .126.0 is ipivoted in nounterclockwise 'direction :so :thatit pivots the lever 206 to raise :its rearward .-end. By .this action thervalvestem |84 is slid upwardly against the `action .of Athe `spring |:8.9 'to .open .the drain waive. "When the :follower :roll-er A262 .rides :off from-a lobe, Lthe spring |339 "causes the .drain-valve to close, itfbeing noted that the spring, acting through the leiter Z266, :maintains the roller in engagement with the 2.111,.

:It well iknown that )in washing ,dishes 'and otherztableware .it iis :necessary `to -use a .cleansing agent,v such .as soapcor .washing Apowdeigin iorder .to dissolve and remove solid matter, grease, etc., therefrom. Inwashing tableware inthe present machine, the :use of :a v.detergent :pov/der, -during :the washingcycle,'isrecomrnended lAshas been previously indicated, alle .machine .is designed to perttorm the :various washing sand `rinsing :opera- :tionsfonly when the @cover or lid is closed, and whilefit isipossible :to -stop the operation and .open -theli-d 4at :any time :during .the finajor A.portion A.of :the operative cycle, :this uis .undesirable for the reason that 'thejhot vapors .ofthe hot water being Lused-ashould remain in ithe'tub. .Itfis therefore apparent rthat :unless the detergent isplaced in :the tub 'before the :machine is startedit isnecessary 'to ropen :the .lid `to .supply 'the detergent to theatuh If vthe initial stepzinzthe-.cycle of Aoperavsimple 'onesince thezpowder wouldvthen beipoured directly into ',the :tub before the lid `was closed. However, it has been found highly .desirable to prerinse :the tableware :by subjecting the same to an .initial sprayfof .clear, hot water,. and this bis the .frst :step performed .by the present improvedwas'hing machine. It .is obvious, 'there- 'the vdetergent after the prerinsing operation, Without .opening the `lid to accomplish thisact. "Ihisnnovel-and ingenius means is .constructed and arranged .as Anext described.

The .detergent "supplying `means consists of a 'cup-'like `container 21.0 'whichis shown in detail 'in Figs. 18 to '21. The Acontainer' 210 is preferably rectangular in plan `view and has vertical :sidewalls 211, :a 'steeply inclined rear Wall '212, :andiamarcuatewall 22T-1:3 :which :provides fthe botsteel, and is provided with -a light-weight lid 215 which is hinged to the forward end of the container, as shown at 216. The lid 215 has a rearwardly projecting stop finger or tab 211 which is provided for the purpose .to be later explained. The container 210 is provided with pivot pins 219 carried by its side walls 21| at a point disposed rearwardly of the center of pivotal balance. The other ends of the pivot pins 213 are adapted to be received in vertical slots 280 formed in the parallel arms or wings 28| of a U-shaped bracket 282. The bracket 282 is fastened against the inner surface of the front wall 40 of the tub 30 at a location which is approximately midway between the top and bottom of the tub, as shown in Fig. 1.l

It is apparent from the foregoing that the detergent holder 21|! is readily removable from the tub, and when so removed it can be employed in the manner of a scoop in iilling it with detergent powder contained in the usual package. After the container 210 has been iilled with the detergent'powder, it is placed in a horizontal position in the tub 30 by merely inserting its pins 219 into the slots 280. The container then assumes the position illustrated in Figs. 2, 18, and 19, with its hinge end resting against the bracket 282. It is to be noted that the volume and weight of the filledcontainer 210 forwardly of the pivot pins 213 is slightly greater than the volume and Weight of the rearward portion so that the container tends to remain in the position referred to above. During the initial operation of the machine, that is, the prerinsing operation, hot water is introduced into the tub through the supply nozzle |36 and is directed downwardly against the rapidly rotating propeller 33, which propels the water upwardly and laterally against the tableware to remove loose waste material therefrom. During this first step in the cycle the drain valve |83 remains open, so that the rinsing water, after contacting the tableware, drains out from the tub 3|), carrying with it the waste matter removed from the tableware. Some of the water sprayed by the impeller during this prerinsing operation of course strikes the bottom of thedetergent container 21|),` but the force applied by this relatively Vthin spray is insufiicient to disturb the setting of Vthe container. However, following the prerins- `ing operation, thedrain valve |83`1is`closed and `the tub 30 is then charged with a supply of hot water which builds uptherein, as indicated by the-water level indicated'inl'ig.` 4, and during this charging of the tub the propeller 3,3 `continues to rotate so thatthe water isfscooped up by the revolving blades |80 andfthrown `therebyLthe increase in displacement and force of the propelled 'water being proportional to the increase in volume of the water being supplied to the tub. At a; certain `stage of the charging, operation, the upward force of the propelled water, which impinges against the under surfaceof the detergent container 210, causes the latter to tilt rearwardly, as shown in Fig. 20. This action is due to the fact that the forward portion of the container provides, in effect, a greater fluid pressure area than that portion which is disposed rearwardly of the pivot of the container. As the container 210 is thus tilted, the detergent powder is discharged `into the tub 30 to mix with the hot Water therein. In order to prevent the container from rotating completely around, which might result in displacement of the container from its supporting bracket, the tab` 211 is employed, the tab being 14 adapted to engage against the forward wall In of the tub to 'prevent such rotation and to retain the container in substantially the position shown in Fig. 21.

As will be apparent, if at any time during operation there should occur a combination of the supply valve failing in its timed closing and the discharge pump failing in its operation,.the water level in the tub would rise above the delivery orifice of the supply tube |35; and if then a vacuum should be drawn in the public water supply system, dishwater would be drawn or syphoned back into the public water supply. To avoid this condition an anti-syphon overiiow is provided. As shown in Figs. 1, 22, and 23, this consists of an opening 286 in the rear wall 4| of the tub, this opening being located approximately midway be'- tween the normal operating water level and the input orifice of the supply tube |35, and its area being sufficient to pass any and all water entering the tub through the supply, and thus preventing the excess water level from reaching the supplytube orice where it might be drawn back into the house supply system under conditions described above. Attached to the inside of the tub is a shield 285 which prevents any iiow of water through the opening 286 during normal operation of the machine. Hingedly mounted in the shield 285 is the gravity operated closure element 281 which, during operation, is normally closed for `the purpose of preventing the escape of steam,

but which opens automatically when the excess water level reaches the aforesaid overiiow point, thus permitting discharge of the excess water through the opening 286.

The present washing machine may be installed within the counter of a kitchen cabinet alongside a sink, such a counter being indicated generally by the dash lines 288 in Fig. 1. In addition the machine may be constructed as a mobile unit, in which case the tub is mounted on a frame 290 having casters so that the machine can 'be readily moved to a point adjacent a sink to perform a washing operation, and subsequently stored in any convenient location,

The washing machine having been described in detail, and the operation of the various mechanisms explained, the complete operative cycle will next be briefly outlined. To prepare the machine for operation, the soiled dishes, plates, cups, silverware, and other tableware, `are stacked ,in the racks 59 and 5| and placed in the container 52, the readily removable waste matterLhaving been previously scraped from the articles. When the mobile type of machine isused, it is iirst moved to a location adjacentthe sink and the water supply hose |39 is connected to a mixing faucet, which is then opened, and the drain hose is hooked over the edge of the sink. The detergent container 210 is then filled with detergent powder and placed in the machine, after which the cover 3| is closed down against the top of the tub 30 to close the same. The electric cord 29| of the electric circuit is, of courseyplugged into a service outlet. rlhe machine is then ready for operation. When the machine is at rest, that is, before the washing cycle is started, the parts of the various mechanisms assume the positions to be next outlined. The .supply` valve stem |44 is at this time in a closed position, the drain valve |83 inraised or open position, the filled detergent container 210 assuming the position shown in Figs. 1 and 19, and, since the motor |10 is inoperative, the propeller 33 and the pump runner |15 are inactive.

155 Tofstartzthe.I opera-tionof f the machine, fthegconftrolrknob H10 is .rotated .clockwise lfrom the on .-.positiontothe .on position .where it releasably retained by the engagement of the .detent -ball :|03 inrthe-recess-l08- Rotation of theknob H1011 .in .this manner is permitted since. at .this time .vthestop ear 1115 is disposed upwardlyout of the pathof the `lug |05 dueto the cover klatch 80 1being-inthe latchingposition shown by the dotted lines inFig. .13. vDuring the rotation ofthe knob :to".onposition, the pin i||| thereof coacts with 'the Aopening 492 of the lbar 90 to raise the latfter and the slide plate .241. Through means of the leaf spring 25|, the switch element 235 is tilted upwardly tofcause the contacts 233 and 3234 .to engage the respective contacts 223 vand "21214.50 as to close the 'circuit to the motor Il@ '.'to-energizefthe same'and thus cause the propeller 133 Iand pump runner |15 to-rotate at the same rotative speed as the motor shaft. At the same -ti-rne,-the motor |10 starts to drive the cam cluster 2|i5,i2|-6, 2|?, and vZltl, at agr-eatly reduced rate 40i' ispeed, in the embodiment of the invention disclosed herein, the speed reduction produced i208, causing the various cams to rotate in unison .at a speed of one-tenth revolution per minute, Aor one-complete lrevolution in ten minutes, this :single rotationcompleting the entire Washing and :rinsing cycle.

"Referring to the sequence of operations chart shown in Fig. 25, .it will be seen that for a short period after the motor is started the water supply 'valve remains closed and the drain valve remains open. This lag permits the motor Il@ to attain fullspeed. At the --end of-this lag period the contacts '-255 and 256 are closed by the cam `lobe 12H3 of the water supply cam 2|5 so as to complete the circuit through the solenoid |55 and ienergize the same to open the valve |44. Thus, 'hot Vwater is admitted through thetube |35 and vdirected downwardly against the rotating propeller 33 by the nozzle |36. The hot water is immediately propelled upwardly and laterally by the propeller, the drops of water splashing against and fbouncing from the sides of the tub to con- V`tact not only those surfaces of the articles which lface the propeller but to also contact the opposite sides, infact, all :the surfaces of the articles, so as to completely rinse the saine with clear, hotwater. This operation is termed a prerinse -since'it precedesl the actual washing operation. 'Referring vto the chart, Fig. 25, it will be seen ``that lduring this prerinse the drain valve 35 remains lopen so that the water, which Vis directed against the articles, drains from the -tub carrying ,with it particles of food removed from the articles, -therpump effectively maintaining the tub '30 empty.

g lAt the end of the'prerinse operation, the roller -252 rides off from the cam lobe 253 so that the drain valve stem |84 is actuated by its spring |89 to seat the valve disc |83, thus shutting ofi the drain. However, the water supply valve relvmains open (see Fig. so that water, which :continues -to be introducedinto the tub through -the supply tube |35, is retained therein and rises, `the Apropeller 33 continuing to propel this hot, clear water throughout the inside of the tub. Asthe volume of water increases in the tub, the force of the-spray is proportionately increased so -that eventually a force of suicient magnitude is `applied against the detergent container to upset the same :soas to cause the detergent .powder to spill out therefrom and mix With the water, thus y f 2k6 :providing .an electiye .fzleansing :solution @line -;t.ub .130 `continues to :be :charged vwith water until itheilobezl :of-the cam :2| Brides-eut from under the follower of the contact 2.55fr-at vwhichrtirne lthesolenoicl 55'is deenergizedrandfthe waterput)- -ply :valve 132 thus closed .by the spring r|zl|| :to shut o -,the flow of water :into 'the .tub. :washing -operation -.continues for Va :considerable peried of time, the washing solution being econ- :tinually -sprayed yagainst the tableware, -and iti-lie :supply :and -drain ;valves remaining ;closed, as shown Ain Fig. ,25. Eventually, the :water ssupplly valve reopens, but-priorto ithisio'pening the! drain .valve is opened, fthrough the action of rvthe cam .lobe 2:34, Sothatftheawashingsolutioniis drained k fron-1 the tulo zupon the :completion of rtl-1e rwashing operation.

At 4the -end ofthis draining operationzthefcam `lobe 264 of the rdrain valvecarn rides :Out :from the -roller 2620i the 'arm .1250,fand-thus the valve v-stem |84 and dise |583 are permitted :to rdescend vto closethe drainyalve. .Just pricrtofthis:action vthe -lobe 1-2 If-l moves under the fend e258 of :the spring contact-255 t0-cause it to engage the.- con ta-,ct -a-rm -2 5B so as to-.close-the circuit tothe s ole- .-noid `|55'and open the water supply valve Id/Arto .--admit clear fhot water into fthe ytub f3.0. Thus, :the atub lis charged with a .fresh :supply :.of avatar -for -the purpose of performing :a ood rinse this operation beingsimilar tothe Washingioperation except vthat lno detergent is iused. .After charging for this iflood irinse, the cam lobe z;2|,-'| rides. out from the contact ,12,55 -fso Ythat =the Y.water vsupply valve |44 is vclosed .to prevent Vvover Ksupply .of the water, Vwhich would 4cause lthe ywater to |744 remains closed until just .prior to-theend of the draining operatiomatlwhich'timefthe,lobe 2|8 of the cam `2|5 engages-with,andifleXes--the contact arm 255 against the arm 256 fte-.again close the circuit to the solenoid |55-and1tl1us Open the water supply valve I 44 -to admit .athirdsupply of water into thetub to Vchargethe same rior .a second flood rinsingoperation (Fig. 25).

AAt the Aend of the Atub-charging operation, :the lobe .2|8 releases .the contact ,arm :255 -so v,that the solenoid is deenergized andthe water Supply valve is closed. The :propeller `3? then Iacts -.t o

scoop up and` propel the water `from the .tub

against the articles so vas to further .flood the same with the clear hot water. As show-nin the sequence of operations chart, the water supply valve |44 remains closed during the remainder of the cycle. On the vother .hand, fat the end of the second flood rinsing operation, ,the long cam lobe 263 engages the rol'ler262so :that the drain valve |83 is opened, and `remains in this position during the remainder pf :the cycle. Thus, all the water -is discharged ,from the ,tub `31) by the pump.

During the majorportion of the operative cycle outlined'above, the inclined end 2280i the contact arm 223 is engaged by the periphery y.of the .cain 2|6, so that the Contact arms l223 and 224 assume the positionshown Ain IFig. 10. 'It 'is lthus ,seen that byturning the. control knob |100 counterclockwise from on position to ofi position, the bar 90 and slide plate 241 are slid downwardly, and through the leaf spring 25| the element 235 and contacts 233 and 234 are lowered away from the contacts 223 and 224 to open the electrical circuit to deenergize themotor |10 and thus stop the entire machine. It is apparent, therefore, that the attendant may at any time discontinue the operation. However, when the control knob is again turned to on position, the machine will start at that portion of the cycle where it was stopped and continue until the disrupted cycle is completed. In addition to shutting off the machine manually, `as explained above, the attendant may continue the counterclockwise ro tation of the control knob |00 toY open 'position, and during this movement the bar 90 and slide plate 241 are depressed to a further extent, but since the contact holder element 235 cannot pivot further downwardly the leaf spring 25| merely flexes. Such rotation of the knob also causes the bar 00 to pivot the rocker 83 and latch 80 in counterclockwise direction so as to release the cover 3|, which then springs open. Consequently, if the attendant wishes to stop the machine and open the cover for the purpose of inserting additional tableware, or to re move some article,'this is readily accomplished by merely turning the knob |00 t-o open position, attention being directed to the fact that during this operation rotation of the propeller is arrested before the cover is opened, so that the danger of hot water being thrown upwardlyout of the tub when the cover is opened is entirely avoided. i e After the machine has operated through approximately seven-eighths of its complete cycle, that is, at approximately that point in the cycle which is designated at X in Fig. 25, the lobe 230 of the cam 2|6 engages the end 228 of the contact arm 223 to depress and maintain both contacts 223 and 224 in positive engagement with the contact arms 233 and 234 so as to cause the electrical circuit to remain closed even though the control knob |00 is inadvertently turned to "oi or open positions. Since the supply of water is shut off and no water remains in the tub 30, opening of the cover 3| by turning the knob |00 to open position can cause no damage to the machine or injury to the attendant. Locking of the contacts in closed `relation in the manner explained above insures that the machine will complete its full'cycle before coming to rest, and the control means will thus be reset for a subsequentwashing operation.

Following the locking of the contacts as out` lined above, the single lobe 253 of the coverrelease cam 2| 8 rotatesto a point where it engages and depresses the roller 252 of the slide plate 241 to move the latter downwardly. The contact holder element 235 is thereby pivoted downwardly against its stop-linger 233, but the contacts 233 and 234 are not then separated from contacts 223 and 224, inasmuch as the latter have been previously moved downwardly by the cam lobe 230 so as to maintain contact as described above. Lowering of the slide plateV 241 and the bar 90 connected thereto causes the elongated opening |02 of `the bar to pull the pin |0| downwardly so as to rotate `the control knob |00 to oi position, and thereafter causes the upper end of the slot 9| to engage the pin 92 of the rocker 83 to rotate the latter and pivot the latch 80 in. counterclockwise rotation to release theroller 13. Thus, the cover 3| isaut'omatically released and is swung upwardly to a position of approximately 45 degrees with respect to the top of the tub 30 under the influence of the spring 66. Since the motor |10 remains active, the propeller 33 continues its rotation and acts in the manner of an exhaust `fan to discharge steam from the now open tub 38 and to circulate air, which is heated by the het interior of the tub, past the washed and rinsed articles so as to evaporate moisture therefrom, tending to dry the same.

The steam expelling and drying operation continues until the trailing end of the cam lobe 230 moves past the cam follower end 228 of the contact arm 223 so that the follower end snaps upwardly into the depression 23| of the cam, as shown in Fig. f8. The result vof this action is to cause the contact arms 223 and '224 to separate from the contact arms 233 and 234 (which are held down by the slide plate 241) so as to open the circuit and deenergize the motor |10. This action occurs at the point designated in the chart (Fig. 25), the motor then promptly com-` ing to rest without the aid of a braking means. It is thus apparent that when the `machine comes to rest, all the mechanisms assume their original positions, that is, all the elements are reset to start another washing and rinsing cycle. When the tub is again loaded, the cover is closed and the control knob is turned to on position.

The complete operating cycle of the machine is summarized as follows:

Preparation (.1) Load articles in tub, insert filled detergent container, close cover manually.

VStarting (2) Control knob turned to onf position,

gent (automatic)-"supply valve open, drain valve closed, motor` operative-to supply measured amount of Awater lfor washing and charge with detergent;

5) Wash (automatici-supply valve closed, drain valve closed, motor operative-to removey all material from articles;

(6) Drain (automatic)-supp1y valve closed, drain valve open, motor operative-to discharge washing water 'and loosened inaterialin suspension;

(7) Charge for flood rinse (aut0matic)-sup ply valve open, drain valve closed, motor operative;

(V8) Flood rinse (automatic)supply valve closed, drain valve closed, motor operativeto remove any residual loose particles of food material and to dilute `to minute content such detergent-bearing Vwashing water as may remain on articles and inside the tub;

(9) Drain (automatiw--supply valve closed, drain valve open, motor operative--to expel all ilood rinse water; i

(10) Charge for flood rinse (automatic)sup ply valve open, drain valve closed, motor loperative;

(l1) Flood rinse (automatic)-supply valve closed, drain Valve closed, motor operative-4to remove any residual loose particles of food ma- 19 terial and to dilute to minute content such detergent-bearing Washing Water as may remain on articles and inside the tub;

(12) Drain (automatic)-supply valve closed, drain valve open, motor operative-to expel all flood rinse Water;

(13) Open cover (automatic)-supply valve closed, drain valve open, motor operative-to permit discharge of aqueous vapor, such escape being accelerated by continued rotation of the propeller, to produce drying by residual heat;

(14) Stop and reset (automatic)-supply valve closed, drainivalve open, motor inoperativeto arrest operation of machine in reset condition, ready for future use.

It will be observed from the foregoing that the present invention provides a washing machine which is simple in construction and highly efcient in performing the functions of washing, rinsing, and drying dishes, silverware, and other articles of tableware. It is apparent that the machine is fully automatic in operation, so that once the machine is loaded with the articles and the motor started by the simple act of turning the control knob, it performs the several operations in sequence and, in addition, resets the control mechanism for a similar, subsequent operation.

The machine is extremely light-in weight, and when embodied in a mobile unit it can be readily moved to a location adjacent a sink or to a place of storage, the Weight being only a fraction of that of dishwashers of previous types.

Another feature of improvement resides in the means for imparting motion to the water throughout the interior of the tub to effect a thorough washing and rinsing of the articles, this means consisting of the propeller which is so designed that it scoops Water from the bottom of the tub and propels it in all directions to adequately contact all the surfaces of the articles to be Washed. By the unique sequential steps of the operative cycle disclosed herein it is possible to rotate the propeller continuously throughout the entire cycle, and this is a highly desirable feature since the use of an intermittently actuated clutch is wholly unnecessary. The combined action of the water supply nozzle and the rotating propeller produces a spray which is entirely adequate to eifect perthe water supply means, the water propelling means, the water drain means, and the control means are embodied in a unitary assembly which is adapted for easy attachment to and removal from the tub. That is so say, the electric motor, the power take-off, the water pump, and propeller shaft are arranged in line, in the order named, and are carried by'a housing which is readily connected to and removed from the tub. In addition, the water supply and drain valveV mechanisms are also carried by the housing so that a, subassernbly unit capable of being assembled quickly apart from the tub is provided. The control cam mechanism and the reduction gear transmission therefor also form subassemblies which can be conveniently assembled. It is apparent, therefore, that the various subassemblies can be made and assembled into a complete operating unit which is readily applied to and removed from the tub, so that the manufacture of the machine and servicing thereof is greatly simplilied. In the event that repair is necessary, the serviceman may remove the entire unit by simply removing the propeller and water supply tube, and removing the attaching screws to disconnect the operating unit from the tub. This unit may then be replaced by a previously reconditioned unit and taken to a shop where it can be repaired on a bench for subsequent installation in another machine. By the novel arrangement of elements disclosed herein, a single, direct drive effects operation of all the individual mechanisms, so that not only is the structure simplified but the machine can be manufactured at a fraction of the cost of previously used dishwashing machines.

It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various modiiications might be made in the construction of the machine' which would fall within the spirit and the scope of this invention. Consequently, without limiting myself in this respect, I claim:

1. In a dishwashing machine, a washing receptacle having a water-agitating impeller therein, activating means suspended below said receptacle including a motor operatively connected to the impeller, said suspended means having incorporated therein means for supplying to the receptacle and draining therefrom such water as is used in washing in the receptacle, valve means carried by said suspended means for controlling the supply of Water to and discharged from the receptacle, timing mechanism on said suspended means for controlling the operation of said valve means and impeller, and means on said suspended means between said motor and'said receptacle operatively connected to said motor for'driving said timing mechanism, said motor, saidwater supply valve means, said water discharge valve means and said timing mechanism together constituting a unit attachable to and disconnectible from said receptacle.

2. In a dishwashing machine, a washing receptacle having a water-agitating impeller therein, a cover for the washing receptacle, activating means suspended below said receptacle including a motor operatively connected to the impeller, said suspended means having incorporated therein means for supplying to the receptacle and draining therefrom such water as is used in washing in the receptacle,y valve means carried by said suspended means for controlling the supply of Water to and discharged from the receptacle,` timing mechanism onsaid suspended meansfor controlling the operation of said valve means, said impeller, and said cover for the receptacle of the dishwashing machine, and power take-off means on said suspended means between said motor and said receptacle operatively connected to said motor for driving said timing mechanism, said motor, said water supply valve means, said water discharge valve means and said timing mechanism together constituting a unit attachable to and disconnectible from said receptacle.

3. In a dishwasher, a tub having a base in the bottom thereof, an impeller rotatable within the tub, a housing mounted on said base therebeneath, a motor suspended from said housing and having a shaft projecting upwardly therethrough upon which the impeller is mounted, a valvecontrolled Water supply conduit extending into the tub, the housing having an integral valvecontrolled drain and alsdan integral overflow means located higher than the drain, said drain and overflow means being laterally offset from the axis of said impeller, a pump in said housing, the pump having a rotor mounted on the motor shaft, the pump being in fluid `communication with `the drain and overflow means and also having a, discharge port, 4and a timing mechanism mounted between said motor and said housing for mechanically controlling the opening and closing ofthe drain valve and electrically controlling the opening and closing of the wateiwinlet in sequence, said housing, said shaft, said valve-controlled water supply, sadi drain, said overilow means, said pump and said timing mechanism together constituting a unit attachable to and disconnectible from said base of said tub.

4. In a dishwasher, a `tub having a base, a housing detachably mounted on the base, an impeller rotatable within the tub, amotor susM pended beneath said housing and having a shaft projecting upwardly through said housing upon which the impeller is mounted, a valve-controlled Water supply conduit extending into the tub, the housing having an integral 'valve-controlled drain and also an integral overflow means located higher than the drain, said drain and overflow means being laterallyoffset from the axis of said impeller, a pump within said housing, the pump having a rotor mounted on the motor shaft, the pump being in fluid communication with the drain and overflow means and also having a discharge port, and a timing mechanism mounted between said motor and said housing for mechanically controlling the opening and closing of the drain valve and electrically controlling the opening and closing of the water inlet in sequence, said housing, said shaft, said valve-controlled water supply, said drain, said overilow means, said pump and saidtiming mechanism together constituting a unit attachable to and disconnectible from said base of said tub.

5. In a dishwasher, a tub having a bottom wall, a housing detachably connected to and beneath said wall, an impeller rotatable within the tub, a tubular casing detachably connected to and depending from said housing, a motor suspended from said casing and having a shaft extending upwardly therethrough upon which the impeller is mounted, a. water supply conduit extending into the tub, valve means for opening and closing said Water supply conduit, the housing having walls dening a drain passage and also an overflow passage, said drain and overflow passages being in fluid communication with the interior of the tub at points onset laterally from the axis of saidimpellcr, valve means for opening and closing said drain passage, a pump having a rotor mounted ,on the motor shaft Within said housing, the pump being connected with the drain and overiiow passages and also having a discharge port, a timing mechanism detachably mounted on said casing and a power take-off means within said casing and operatively connected to the motor shaft for mechanically controlling the opening and closing of the drain valve means and electrically controlling the opening and closing of the water supply valve means in sequence.

`6. In a dishwasher, a tub having a bottom wall, a housing detachably connected to said wall therebelow, `a tubular casing detachably connected to and depending from said housing, said housing having walls defining an oiset drain passage and also an overow passage located higher than the drain, an impeller rotatable within the tub, a motor detachably connected to and depending from said casing and having a shaft extending upwardly through said casing and said housing and upon which the impeller is mounted, a water inlet valve on the housing, a Water supply conduit extending upwardly into the receptacle from the inlet valve, a drain valve in said offset drain passage, a, `pump having a chamber defined by walls of said housing, the pump having a rotor mounted on the motorishaft and rotatable within said chamber, the pump chamber being in nuid communication with the drain and overow passages and aise having a discharge port, and a timing mechanism detachably mounted between said motor and said housingfor controlling the opening and closing ofthe water inlet in sequence.

'7. In a dishwasher, a tub having a bottom wall and an opening in the top thereof, a cover pivoted on the tub to close the opening, cover-actuating means, a housing detachably mounted against the bottom of said wall and having walls deiininga drain passage and an overlow passage communieating with the interior of the tub at points offset laterally from the axis of the impeller, a tubular casing detachably connected to and depending from the` housing, an impeller rotatable within the tub, a motor detachably connected to the lower end of the casing and depending `therefrom and having a shaft upon which the impeller is mounted, a water supply conduit eX- tending into the tub, a water supply valve in said conduit, the housing having a drain passage and also overflow passage located higher than the drain, said passages being in iiuid communication with the interior of the tub, a drain valve in said drain passage, said housing also having a pump chamber, a pump rotor mounted on the motor shaft and rotatable in said chamber, the pump chamber being connected with the drain and overflow passagesand also having a discharge port, and a timing mechanism detachably mounted as a unit on said casing for electrically controlling the opening and closing of the water supply valve and for mechanically controlling the opening and closing of the drain valve, said coveractuating means connecting the timing mechanism with the cover and operative to automatically raise the cover above the opening after the nal opening of the drain valve and discharge of the water from the tub.

S. In a dishwasher, a tub fhavingan opening in the bottom wall thereof, a housing detachably mounted against the bottom of the wall 'and over said opening, an impeller supported by and rotatable within the tub, a tubular casing detachably connected to the bottom of the housing and depending therefrom, a motor detaehahly connected to the lower end of the casing and depending therefrom, said motor having a shaft upon which the impeller is mounted, 9, valve-controlled water supply conduit extending into thetub, the housing having a valve-controlled drain passage and also overflow passage having an end located higher than the drain, a pump having a rotor mounted on the motor shaft and rotatable within a chamber provided in said housing, said chamber communicating with said passages, said housing having a discharge port from the pump, and a timing mechanism detachably mounted as a, unit on a side of said casing for mechanically controlling the opening and closing of the drain valve and electrically controlling the opening and closing of the water inlet in sequence.

9. In a dishwasher, a washing receptacle, an impeller rotatable therein, a valve-controlled liquid supply and a valve-controlled drain for the receptacle, a pump for the drain, a housing detachably connected to the bottom of the receptacle and depending therefrom, a tubular casing detachably connected to the housing and depending therefrom, an electric motor detachably connected to and depending from the casing and having a power shaft extending upwardly through said casing, for operating the impeller and the pump, a timing mechanism detachably connected to said casing, and operatively connected to the motor within said casing, the timing mechanism being electrically connected to the valve-controlled supply and mechanically connected to the drain for operating the valves thereof, and an electrical circuit for the motor, said timing mechanism having a switch in said circuit for deenergizing the motor after conclusion of a washing cycle.

10. In a dishwasher, a washing receptacle, a

` pivoted cover, releasable locking means including a pivoted latch operative to maintain the cover closed, spring means operative to pivot said cover to open position upon release of the locking means, an impeller rotatable Ain the receptacle, a valve-controlled liquid supply and a valve-controlled drain for the receptacle, a pump for the drain, an electric motor for operating the impeller and the pump, manuallyoperated means for connecting the motor to a source of electrical energy, and a timing mechanism operatively connected to and adapted to be continuously operated by the motor when the latter is operated, the timing mechanism having cam means operatively connected to the valve-controlled supply and drain for operating the valves thereof and provided with means to release said locking means to effect opening of the cover by said spring means after opening the valve of the drain, said releasing means including a cam follower operatively connected to a reciprocable drag link, said drag link having a lost-motion connection with said latch, said mechanism also having a switch for disconnecting the motor 'from the source of electrical energy after conclusion of the washing cycle.

11. In a dishwasher, a washing receptacle, a pivoted cover, releasable locking means operative to maintain the cover closed, spring means operative to pivot said cover to open position upon release of the locking means, an impeller rotatable in the receptacle, a valve-controlled liquid supply and a valve-controlled drain for the receptacle, a pump for the drain, an electric motor for operating the impeller and the pump, manually-operated means for connecting the motor to a source of electrical energy, a timing mechanism operatively connected to and adapted to be continuously operated by the motor when the latter is operated, the timing mechanism having a shaft and cam means on the shaft operatively connected to the valve-controlled supply and drain for operating the valves thereof and provided with means to release said locking means to effect opening the cover by said spring means after opening the valve of the drain, said mechanism including a switch for disconnecting the motor from the source of electrical energy at any time between the beginning of the cycle and the final opening of the valvecontrolled drain, said timing mechanism having means to prevent manual disconnection of the motor by said timing mechanism switch during the period between the final opening of the drain and the opening of the cover.

y 12. In a dishwasher, a washing receptacle having a bottom wall, a housing detachably connected to said bottom wall and depending therefrom, a tubular casing detachably connected to said housing and depending therefrom, an electric motor detachably connected to said casing and depending therefrom, said motor having a shaft extending upwardly through said casing and said housing and into said receptacle, an impeller mounted on the upper end of said shaft within the receptacle, a valve-controlled liquid supply means onsaid housing for injecting water into the receptacle, a valve-controlled drain means on said housing, a pump having a rotor on said motor shaft within said housing, a timing mechanism detachably mounted on a side of said casing and including cam means operative to control the actuation of said liquid supply valve and said drain valve, said timing mechanism having a power take-off shaft for driving said cam means, said shaft extending into said casing normal to the axis of said motor shaft, and meshing gears on said motor shaft and said power take-off shaft by which said timing mechanism is operated by said motor.

13. A dishwasher as dened in claim 12 in which said timing mechanism includes: a plate supporting they operating parts of `the mechanism, said plate being detachably secured to said casing, a stud on said plate, a cam means rotatable on said stud, and a train of reduction gearing on said plate and drivingly connected between said power take-off shaft and said cam shaft.

.1.4. A dishwasher as dened in claim 12 in which said liquid supply valve includes: a Valve body having a fiow passage therein, a valve stem slide-ble in the body, a spring operative to normally slide said stem in a direction to close said flow passage, said stem projecting from the body, an electromagnet, an electric circuit for said electromagnet, a switch incorporated in said timing mechanism and connected in the circuit, said switch being opened and closed by said cam means so as to energize and deenergize said electromagnet, said electromagnet having an armature, and a pivoted lever operatively connected between the armature and the valve stem so as to slide the latter in a direction to effect opening of said ow passage upon energization of the electromagnet.

l5. In a dishwasher, a washing receptacle, a motor beneath said receptacle," an impeller mounted on the shaft of the motor within the receptacle, a pivoted cover for closing the open top of the receptacle, a spring-actuated locking latch pivoted on the receptacle and engageable with a roller on said cover to lock the latter in closed position, an electric circuit for the motor, a switch in said circuit, an actuating bar slidable vertically on the receptacle and having a lost-motion connection with a side of the latch, said bar being operative to close and open said switch, a control knob rotatable on the receptacle, a pin-and-slot connection between said knob and said bar whereby vertical sliding movement of the bar effects rotation of the knob, said knob having an arcuate lug thereon, a timing mechanism including a cam engageable with said actuating bar and operative to slide the same in y one direction to close said switch and in the opposite direction to cause the bar to pivot said latch to cover-unlocking position, and a detent bar carried by the latch and adapted to be moved thereby to a rst position out of the arcuate path of movement of said lug when the latch moves to cover locking position and to be moved into a second position within said path of movement 

